Introduction: This report provides an overview of developments concerning food security and nutrition in ECO countries – that is, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Türkiye, and Uzbekistan. The analysis provided in the report is based on data available as of 2022. The report also provides an overview of developments in agrifood trade across ECO countries over the 2018–2021 period. The report explores the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on food security, as well as the potential impact of the war in Ukraine on agrifood trade across ECO countries.

The report is presented in five sections. Following the Introduction, Section 2 introduces the overall approach adopted in the overview and assessment of the food security and nutrition situation, including the conceptual framework of food security, and its indicators. Section 3 reviews the latest status of food security in ECO countries, based on the indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The data used in this section do not reflect the impact of the war in Ukraine, which is examined separately in Section 4, with a focus on trade of the main food products. Section 5 concludes the report, making policy recommendations for the development of a resilient agrifood trade system across ECO countries.

Keyword: Food security, OECD countries